Post-weaning diarrhea (PWD) is a significant challenge in pig production, driven by physiological, immuno-logical, and microbiological disruptions during the weaning transition. Conventional management strate-gies, such as antibiotics and zinc oxide, face increasing regulatory and environmental constraints, highlighting the need for alternative solutions. Tannins, plant-derived polyphenols with antimicrobial, gut-modulating, and anti-inflammatory properties, have emerged as a promising tool for mitigating PWD. In vitro studies demonstrate tannins' ability to enhance intestinal barrier integrity, reduce pathogenic bacterial adhesion, and suppress inflammatory responses, addressing key drivers of PWD. Additionally, their modulation of gut microbiota fosters a healthier microbial balance. While experimental and mechanistic studies support tannins' efficacy, further research is needed to optimize their application and address variability in their effects. Tannins offer a sustainable, natural alternative to conventional prophylactics, potentially improving piglet health and productivity while aligning with environmental and regulatory goals.

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